Taken, simplified, and elaborated on from “Engaging Aboriginal Communities in Archaeology: A Draft Technical Bulletin for Consultant Archaeologists in Ontario” available here http://www.mtc.gov.on.ca/en/publications/AbEngageBulletin.pdf.
Archaeology remains highly relevant to First Nation communities by offering the ability to document Indigenous histories and peoples. From identifying sacred sites to ancestral remains, First Nations that engage with archaeologists’ aid in enriching the archaeological record through recognizing cultural customs, traditional knowledge, and connection to the land. Engagement considers the interest of First Nation communities in the archaeological assessment, the protection of First Nation archaeological sites, and the disposition of First Nation artifacts and ancestral remains. By respecting First Nation interests and heritage, consultation archaeologists are able to understand the people they study more efficiently and spiritually. In turn the ability to build relationships with First Nation communities will facilitate their engagement for future projects. Effective engagement requires good planning and begins early in the project.
If human remains are uncovered at any stage of the fieldwork process archaeologists must cease fieldwork and report the discovery to the police or coroner. This is a mandatory requirement of the Cemeteries Act, R.S.O. 1990 c. C.4 (the Funeral, Burial and Cremation Services Act, 2002, S.O. 2002, c.33).
Southwestern Ontario Community-Based & Consultation Archaeology Project 